DSIP Source

The literature

DSIP references and sources

Every study cited across this site, with links to PubMed and DOIs where available.

About these sources

These are the DSIP references this digest draws from — peer-reviewed papers, reviews, and clinical pilots, listed with their PubMed links and DOIs where available. The full list is below in the citations panel. A note on what you'll find: much of the strongest-sounding human DSIP work dates to the 1980s and was small or uncontrolled, while the broad reviews are candid about how much remains unproven. We've cited the primary sources so you can check the claims on this site against the actual record, including the DSIP research page where these studies are discussed in detail.

  1. Schoenenberger GA, Monnier M. Characterization of a delta-electroencephalogram (-sleep)-inducing peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977;74(3):1282-1286. ↗
  2. Schneider-Helmert D, et al. The influence of synthetic DSIP (delta-sleep-inducing-peptide) on disturbed human sleep. Experientia. 1981;37(8):913-914. ↗
  3. Kovalzon VM, Strekalova TV. Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP): a still unresolved riddle. J Neurochem. 2006;97(2):303-309. ↗
  4. Bjartell A, Ekman R, Bergquist S, Widerlov E. Reduction of immunoreactive ACTH in plasma following intravenous injection of delta sleep-inducing peptide in man. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1989;14(5):347-355. ↗
  5. Popovich IG, Voitenkov BO, Anisimov VN, et al. Effect of delta-sleep inducing peptide-containing preparation Deltaran on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female SHR mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 2003;124(6):721-731. ↗
  6. Mu X, Qu L, Yin L, Wang L, Liu X, Liu D. Pichia pastoris secreted peptides crossing the blood-brain barrier and DSIP fusion peptide efficacy in PCPA-induced insomnia mouse models. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15:1439536. ↗
  7. Dick P, et al. Successful treatment of withdrawal symptoms with delta sleep-inducing peptide, a neuropeptide with potential agonistic activity on opiate receptors. Neuropsychobiology. 1983;10(2-3):205-208. ↗
  8. Bondarenko TI, et al. Mechanism of delta-sleep inducing peptide geroprotective activity. Adv Gerontol. 2011;24(2):279-285. ↗
  9. Larbig W, et al. Therapeutic effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) in patients with chronic, pronounced pain episodes. A clinical pilot study. Eur Neurol. 1984;23(5):372-385. ↗
  10. Nakamura A, Nakashima M, Sakai K, Niwa M, Nozaki M, Shiomi H. Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) stimulates the release of immunoreactive Met-enkephalin from rat lower brainstem slices in vitro. Brain Res. 1989;481:165-168. ↗
  11. Graf MV, Kastin AJ (historical context). Delta sleep-inducing peptide. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2001;18(7):415-417. ↗
  12. Dick P, et al. DSIP in the treatment of withdrawal syndromes from alcohol and opiates. Eur Neurol. 1984;23(5):364-371. ↗
  13. Rahman OF, Lee SJ, Seeds WA. Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2026. ↗